CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA (ABNORMAL HEART RHYTHM)

Cardiac arrhythmias affect over one million people in the UK, often going undetected until complications arise. Dr Francesco Lo Monaco, expert cardiologist and electrophysiologist, provides comprehensive assessment and personalised guidance to treat irregular heart rhythm and protect long-term heart health.

heart beat disturbance

WHAT IS HEART ARRHYTHMIA?

Arrhythmia is an irregular heart rhythm that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. It may feel like missing, fluttering, or pounding heartbeats. Depending on the type and severity, arrhythmias can be harmless and manageable or, in some cases, indicate a more serious underlying heart condition requiring medical attention.

CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA SYMPTOMS

Arrhythmias can cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild to severe, and the intensity of symptoms does not always reflect the seriousness of the condition. In some cases, a serious heart rhythm disorder may cause little or no noticeable symptoms, while milder arrhythmias can feel more disruptive.

Symptoms often vary depending on your overall health, age, and any underlying heart conditions. Common signs include:

  • Racing or an abnormally slow heartbeat
  • Dizziness, Lightheadedness, or Even Fainting Sometimes
  • A Fluttering or Pounding Sensation in the Chest
  • Extreme Fatigue
  • Blurred Vision
  • Breathlessness
  • Sweating
  • Chest Discomfort or Pain
  • Low Blood Pressure

TYPES OF ARRHYTHMIA

Heart rhythm disorders are not always serious and can sometimes resolve on their own. However, certain types of arrhythmias can be more concerning and may require medical attention. Based on pulse rate, cardiac arrhythmias are generally classified into two main types.

  • Bradycardia

    Bradycardia refers to a resting heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute. It can occur when the heart’s natural pacemaker is not functioning properly or when electrical signals are delayed. Common examples include sick sinus syndrome and heart conduction block.
  • Tachycardia

    Tachycardia is a condition where the resting heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Common types include atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and supraventricular tachycardia.

CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS OF ARRHYTHMIAS

Arrhythmias occur when the heart’s electrical conduction system is disrupted. The heart has a natural pacemaker, known as the sinus node, which generates electrical signals that travel through the atrioventricular node and across the heart to maintain a steady rhythm.

Common causes or triggers include:

  • Hypertension
  • Blocked Arteries
  • Diabetes
  • Electrolyte Imbalance
  • Certain Medicines
  • Caffeine/ Alcohol
  • Stress or Anxiety
  • Overactive or Underactive Thyroid
  • Sleep Apnoea
  • Genetics

GET AN EXPERT DIAGNOSIS AT HARLEY STREET CLINIC

An irregular heart rhythm can often be confused with other health issues. Therefore, getting an accurate diagnosis is important to manage the condition effectively. If you experience frequent or severe symptoms, consulting a specialist can help identify the underlying cause and guide appropriate treatment.

Dr Francesco Lo Monaco, a preventive cardiologist and electrophysiologist, performs a thorough assessment of your symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle factors. Where necessary, further investigations such as an ECG, Holter monitor, Echo scan, ETT, or Implantable Loop Recorder may be recommended to gain detailed insights into your heart rhythm.

TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT OF HEART ARRHYTHMIA

The treatment of arrhythmia largely depends on the underlying triggers, as well as the severity and frequency of symptoms. Dr Francesco Lo Monaco, a preventive cardiologist and heart rhythm specialist, often focuses on lifestyle modifications as the first step. These include adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and effectively managing stress. In some cases, specific medical treatments or procedures may be recommended based on your individual condition and diagnosis.

FAQs

Arrhythmias can be mild or serious. Some irregular rhythms cause no symptoms, while others can potentially cause a heart attack or stroke, depending on the severity of the condition.

Many people with arrhythmia can fly safely if their condition is stable. Uncontrolled symptoms, recent changes in medication, or serious heart conditions may require a thorough medical assessment before travel.

Arrhythmia can be considered a disability under UK law if it significantly affects daily activities. Eligibility depends on symptom severity, frequency, and impact on quality of life.

Severe arrhythmia may cause complications, such as stroke, heart failure, fainting, or, in some cases, sudden cardiac arrest. Therefore, a timely checkup and proper treatment are crucial to avoid any complications.